英语的十二个时态

总共十二种时态：
1．一般现在时
2．一般过去时
3．一般将来时
4．现在进行时
5．过去进行时
6．将来进行时
7．现在完成时
8．过去完成时
9．将来完成时
10．现在完成进行时
11．过去完成进行时
12．将来完成进行时
其中英文最常用的时态有五个：一般现在时；现在进行时；一般过去时；一般将来时和现在完成时。
一、 一般现在时：
用动词原型表示，但单数第三人称后要加-s，在词尾加-s时要注意：
1． 一般情况：加-s 例：reads，wrITes，says
2． 以s，x，ch，sh收尾的词加-es 例：teaches，washes，guesses
3． 以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i再加-es 例：try—tries，carry—carries。
这个时态的疑问句一般以句首加助动词do，does构成。句中动词要用原型动词be提前：
do you know it？
are you students？
does she have a pen？
1．一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作：
we always care for each other and help each other。
they cycle to work every day。
2．现在的特征或状态：
he loves sports。
do you sing？a little。
i major in english。
3． 遍真理：
light travels faster than sound。
two and four makes six。
the moon moves round the earth。
有些表示状态和感觉的动词常常可用于一般现在时：be，love，like，hate，want，hope，need，prefer，wish，know，understand，remember，believe，recognize，guess，suppose，mean，belong，think（以为），feel，envy，doubt，remain，consist，contain，seem，look（看起来），see，fit，suit，owe，own，hear，find，suggest，propose，allow，show（说明），prove，mind（在意），have（有），sound（听起来），taste（尝起来），matter，require，possess，desire等等。
i feel a sharp pain in my chest。
the soup contains too much salt。
you see what i mean？
the coat fits you very well。
how do you find the book？
有些表示动作的动词间或可用于这一时态，表示现刻的动作，由于动作持续时间机短，用于进行时不自然：
i send you my best wishes。
i salute your courage。
now i extend my heartfelt thanks to you。
在口语中这个时态用来表示一个按规定、计划或安排发生的情况（这是都有一个表示未来时间的状语）：
when do the train leave（stop at jinan）？
the plane take off at 11 am。
tomorrow is saturday。
is there a firm on tonight？
但这只限少数动词，如begin，come，go，leave，sail，start，arrive，return，dine，end，stop，depart，open，close，be等。另外，在时间或条件从句中，将来动作或状态多用这一时态表示：
tell her about that when she come。
turn off the light before you leave。
we‘ll start as soon as you are ready。
在口语中，这个时态间或可以用来表示一个已经发生的动作（这个动作发生的时间在说话人脑中处于很不重要的地位）：
they say xiao wu is back。is that true？
xiao yu tells me you‘re going abroad。
oh，i forget where he lives。
yes，you answer quite well。
此外一般现在时还多用于报刊、电影、电视解说等其他几种情况。
二、 现在进行时
现在进行时用助动词be的人称形式加现在分词构成，它的肯定、否定、疑问形式如下：
i am working。
i am not working。
am i working？
现在进行时主要表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作。
where are they having the basket-ball match？
they are putting up the scaffolding。
he‘s showing a foreign guest round the city。
在不少情况下，表示正在进行的动作的汉语句子，并没有“正在”这样的字，在译为英语时却必须用进行时态：
how are you getting on with the work？
the work is going fairly smoothly。
you are making rapid progress。
it is blowing hard。
who are you waiting for？
whenever i see her，she is working in the garden。我每次看到她时，她总是在花园里干活。
在一般现在时所列的表示状态和感觉的动词，一般不能用于进行时态，因为他们不能表示正在进行的动作。但如果词义转变，能表示一个正在进行的动作，就能够用于进行时态，试比较下面的句子：
do you see anyone over there？你看到那里有什么人吗？
are you seeing someone off？你在给谁送行吗？
i hear someone singing。我听见有人唱歌。
they are hearing an english talk？他们在听一个英语报告。
what do you think of it？你觉得这怎么样？
what are you thinking about？你在想什么？
另外，表示无法持续动作的动词，一般不宜用于进行时态，但有些可以用于这个时态表示重复、即将等：
he is jumping up and down。她一上一下地跳着。
the train is arriving。火车就要进站了。
the old man is dying。老头病危了。
现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安安排要进行的动作（这是多有一个表示未来时间的状语）：
we are leaving on friday。
are you going anywhere tomorrow？
a foreign guest is giving a lecture in english this afternoon。
xiao hong！coming。
who is interpreting for you？
we are having a holiday next monday。
但这仅限于少量动词，如go，come，leave，start，arrive，lunch，return，dine，work，sleep，stay，play，do，have，wear等。
另外，“be going+不定式”这个结构经常用来表示即将发生的事或打算（准备）做的事：
i am afraid it is going to rain。
it is going to be rather cold tomorrow。
she is not going to speak at the meeting。
在这个结构中过去有许多人不赞成用go和come这两个动词，感到很别扭，主张不说are you going to go anywhere tomorrow？而说are you going anywhere tomorrow？不说is she going to come？而说is she coming？但现在在这种结构中用两个动词的人越来越多，这种用法基本上被大家接受了。
此外，在时间和条件状语从句中，间或也可用现在进行时表示将来的情况或一般情况：
do not mention this when you are talking with him。
remember that when you are taking a rest，some else is always working。
if she is still sleeping，do not wake her up。
现在进行时有时用来代替一般现在时，表示一个经常性动作或状态，这是或是为了表示一种感情（a）如赞叹、厌烦等，或是为了强调情况的暂时性（b）。
a． how are you feeling today？（比how do you feel today？更显亲切）
xiao hua is doing fine work at school。（比xiao hua does fine work at school。更富赞美）
he is always thinking of his work。表赞许
he is constantly leaving his thing about。她老是乱扔东西。（表不满）
he is always boasting。他老爱说大话。（表厌烦）
b．he is sleeping in the next room now。他现在现在是在隔壁房间睡了（不再原来房间睡了）。
the professor is typing his own letters while his secretary is ill。
where is he working？他现在在那里工作？（可能刚换工作）
for this week we are starting work at 7：30。
he is walking to work because his bicycle is being repaired。
be间或可用于进行时态，表示一时的表现：
you are not being modest。
he is being silly。
she is being friendly。
xiao hong is being a good girl today。
do not talk rot。i am being serious。
注： 在there和here引起的句子中，常可用一般现在时代替现在进行时：
here comes the bus。（=the bus is coming.）
there goes the bell. (=the bell is ringing.)
在某些情况下两种情况都可以用，没有多少差别：
i wonder (am wondering) how i should answer then.
does your leg hurt? (is your leg hurting?)
it itches (is itching) terribly.
my back aches (is aching).
i write (am writing ) to inform you.
未完待续。。。
(发帖时间:2004-01-06 19:51:16)
---3dnow【外语学习成员】
三、 一般将来时
一般将来时由助动词shall或will加动词原型构成，shall用于第一人称，will用于第二、三人称。这个时态的肯定、否定及疑问机构可表示如下：
i shall go.
i shall not go.
shall i go?
除英国以外的说英语的国家，在陈述句中，即使在第一人称一般也用will,在英国也有这种趋势，在口语中常紧缩为i’ll.
一般将来时表示将要发生的动作和情况：
i will (shall) arrive tomorrow.
will you be busy tonight?
the agreement will come into force next spring.
we won’t (shan’t) be free tonight.
有时表示将来的时间状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况：
i will think it over.
who will take the chair?
will she come?
they won’t object it.
在以i 或 we 作主语的问句中，一般用shall，这时或是征求对方的意见（a）,或是询问一个情况（b）:
a. shall i make a fair copy of it?
which book shall i read first?
where shall we meet?
b. shall we have any classes tomorrow?
when shall we have the rehearsal?
shall i be able to find them there?
在这类问句中，近年来也有不少人用will，特别是美国。
what will we do?
how will get there?
which will i take?
注意在时间或条件状语从句中，一般不能用将来时态，而用现在时态代替：
i’ll let you have the book when i’m through.
they’ll fight till they win complete victory.
i’ll be round to see you if i have time tomorrow.
注：在两种情况下条件从句可以用一般将来时：
1． 表示愿望：
if they won’t cooperate, our plan will fall flat.
2.主句的谓语表时现在的情况：
if he won’t arrive this morning, why should we wait here。
表示将要发生的动作或情况，除了一般将来时外，还有一些其他结构和时态：
1． be going +不定式（表打算、准备作的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事）：
we ‘re going to put up a building here.
how are you going to spend your holiday?
who is going to speak first?
2. be +不定式（表示按计划安排要发生的事或用来征求对方的意见）：
when is the factory to go into production?
the line is (going) to be opened to traffic next week.
am i to (=shall i ) go on with the work?
3.一般现在时（限于某些动词，表示按计划或时刻要发生的事）：
school finishes on january 18th.
we get off at the next stop.
when does the winter vacation begin?
4.现在进行时（限于某些动词，表示按计划安排要发生的事）：
we are having an english evening tonight.
they are playing some folk music next.
i am talking the children to the zoo (on sunday ).
在单纯表示将来情况，特别是谈一连串的事情或在带时间或条件状语从句的句子中，谓语多用将来时：
next term i will try to do better. i’ll speak more english and do more reading-aloud.
he’ll come to see you when he has time.
he’ll tell you if you ask him.
在表示打算或准备时，如不提时间、条件等，多用be going to这个结构，用一般将来时时很少的，特别是在口语中：
he is going to buy a dictionary.(很少说he will buy a dictionary.)
在谈即将发生的情况时，用be going to 这个结构也多一些。在表示按计划安排要做得事时，用be to 的时候也不少。另外还有将来进行时等时态也可表示将来的动作。
注：be about to 可表示即将作某事
we are about to leave.
he is about to retire.
一般将来时有时还可用来表示一种倾向或习惯性动作：
a drowning man will catch at a straw.
crops will die without water.
oil will float on water.
注：这一时态有时用来表示揣测（a）或容量（b）:
a. that man in the middle will be the visiting minister.
b. the hall will seat 500people.
四、 一般过去时
一般过去时由动词的过去式表示，动词be有was, were两个过去式，was用于第一、三人称单数，were用于其他情况。在构成否定及疑问句时，一般都借助助动词did, 动词be有其独特的疑问及否定形式（基本上和一般现在时一致）。这个时态的三种结构可表示如下：
一般动词：
i worked there.
i did not work there.
did you work there?
动词be:
i was there.
i was not there.
was i there?
一般过去时主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况（包括习惯性动作）
who put forward the suggestion?
when did she leave?
she often came to help us.
有些情况，发生的时间不很清楚，但实际上是过去发生的，应当用过去时态：
i was glad to get your letter.
what was the final score?
how did you like their performance?
*在谈到已死去人的情况多用过去时：
lao she was a great writer.
my grandmother was kind to us.
有时两种时态都可以用：
brahms wasis one of the greatest representative of german classicalism.
注：在口语中一般过去时有时可用来代替一般现在时，使语气变得婉转一些，例如在下面句子中用一般现在时或一般过去时都可以，但用过去时显得客气一些（带有更多商量的口吻）：
dodid you want to see me?
i wonderwondered if you could spare a few minutes.
i wantwanted to ask if i cancould borrow your bike.
未完待续。。让大家久等了。第一次自己敲键盘发帖子。好累呀。：（
---3dnow【外语学习成员】
五、 现在完成时
现在完成时由have的人称形式加过去分词构成。他的肯定、否定及疑问形式如下：
i have read it.
i have not read it.
have you read it?
现在完成时表示现刻以前发生的动作或情况，可以是：
1． 到现在为止的这一时期中发生的情况（可能时多次动作的总和，也可表示状态和习惯性动作）：
we have opened up 200 mu of land this year.
how many pages have you covered today?
i haven’t seen him for many days.
2. 对现状有影响的某一已发生的动作：
the delegation has already left.
i have seen the film many times.
the city has taken on a new look.
注： 这个时态有时还可以表示过去曾发生过一次或多次的情况，也可以说是一种经历：
all our children have had measles.
man’s hairs have grown white in a single might.
he says that he has seen a meteor at some time.
这个时态的基本特点是它和现在有密切的联系，或是讲迄今为止这一段时间的情况，或是讲一个影响现状的动作，这样它不是从时间上就是从后果上和现在联系起来。根据这个特点我们可以判断什么时候用一般过去时，什么时候用现在完成时：
1． 当有一个表示过去某时的状语（包括when）时，不能用现在完成时：
i saw her a minute ago.
just now xiao lin came to see you.
when did you get to know it?
2.当有一个表示到现在为止这段时间的状语时，多用现在完成时：
up till now we have planted over 24,000 fruit trees.
we haven’t had any physical training classes this week.
he has learned a good deal since he came here.
3.在用already, yet, just, as yet, ever, never这类副词作状语时，常可用现在完成时：
this is the second game. they ’ve already won a game.
have you got the plan ready yet? –no, not yet.
i’ve just received a money order.
4.在单独谈一个过去的动作，不涉及它对现在的影响时，通常用一般过去时，如果谈一件已经发生的事，不考虑它是什么时候发生的，而主要考虑对现在的影响，多用现在完成时：
did you get up very early?
has he got up?
what did you have for lunch?
have you had lunch?
i got the news from xiao yu.
i’ve got no news from him.
注： 有since引起的状语时，主要谓语通常用完成时态：
we met in 1972,and have been good friends ever since (then).
it has rained a great deal since you left.
we haven’t seen each other again since them (since we parted in 1952). 但在表示时间长度时可用一般现在时。
l 在使用一个表示状态的动词（如be, seem等）作谓语时，间或也可用现在时态：
it’s ok since i fixed it.
it seems a long time since i was here.
i’m getting interested in china since you came here. 间或用过去时，特别时在口语中。
i lost ten pounds since i started swimming.
在since引起的状语从句中，通常用一般过去时。但间或可用现在完成时：
i haven’t seen him since i have been back.
since i have known her, she has been fond of sports.
有时同样一句汉语，由于使用场合不用，译成英语时可能需要不同时态：
has xiao yang come?
did xiao yang come?
how many people have gone to the factory?
how many people went to the factory?
we haven’t invited him.
we didn’t invite him.
有时同样一个动作，也随着说话的意图不同而用不同时态表示：
has he gone to town? how did he go there? 后一句谈动作本身，与现在无联系。
have you had your lunch? where did you have it？ 你吃中午饭了吗？在那吃的？
has she left? why did she leave so early?
某些动词的现在完成时刻表示一直持续到现在的状态：
how have you been (recently)?
the conference has lasted five days.
we’ve known each other since we were children.
特别是动词be，是常常这样用的：
he’s been back for three days. （不能用has come back）
she has been a teacher for ten years. (不能说has become)
he has been in college for a year. (不能说has entered)
由于come, become, enter和get up 等动词都只代表一个短暂的动作，不能代表一个延续的状态，这是需要用be来表示延续的状态：
另外有少数动词（主要是work, study, teach, live等）可用于现在完成时表示一直持续到现在的一个动作：
how long have you worked here？
she has taught english for many years.
we’ve lived here for quite a few years.
但大多数动词不宜这样用，而需用现在完成进行时。
注：have been (to)长可用来表示“到过某地”或“刚去做过某事”
have you ever been to xi’an?
xiao liu has just been here.
we’ve been here(there)many times.
l 现在完成时还可用在表示时间或条件的状语从句中，表示将来某时业已完成的动作：
i’ll go and see the exhibition as soon as i have got the recorder fixed.
we’ll start at five o’clock if it has stopped raining by then
i will gibe my opinion when i have read the book through.
这利用“现在完成时”时表示这动作将在另一动作之前完成。如果两个动词同时发生，或几乎同时发生，（也就是说一个动作紧接着另一个动作），一般就不用这个时态：
i’ll let you know as soon as i hear from her.
she’ll write you when she gets there.
在这样的情况下（特别是当我们用的是get, arrive, see, hear, leave, return 等代表迅即完成的动作的动词时），多用一般现在时。有时两种时态都可以用：
we’ll leave as soon as it stops(has stopped) raining.
i’ll tell him after you leave (have left).
注：have got 形式上时现在完成时，却和have时同一个意思：
she has got (=has) a slight temperature.
have you got (=do you have) any sisters?
另外，现在有一种倾向，特别是在美国，在随便谈话时，常用一般过去时代替现在完成时：
i saw it already (=i have seen it already).
did you return the records yet （=have you returned the records yet）？
i just come back (=i’ve just come back).

英语的16种时态分别是什么?

1.一般现在时
2.一般过去时
3.现在进行时
4.过去进行时
5.一般将来时
6.过去将来时
7.现在完成时
8.过去完成时
9.将来进行时
10.过去将来进行时
11.现在完成进行时
12.过去完成进行时
13.将来完成进行时
14.过去将来完成进行时
15.将来完成时
16.过去将来完成时
英语共有十六种时态，其表现形式如下(以study为例)
一般时 进行时 完成时 完成进行时
现在 study be studying have studied have been studying
过去 studied be studying had studied had been studying
将来 will study wil be studying will have studied will have been studying
过去将来would study would be studying would have studied would have been studying
只给五分就只好写这么多了，要详细得加分

英语16种时态有哪些

英语的时态一共16种：
1.一般现在时：
A.表示现在的动作、状况、状态和特征
eg. My father is not home yet.
B.经常性、习惯性动作，常与表示频度的副词连用，如oftenalwaysseldom等
eg. He often eats an Apple after super.
C.表示客观事实和普遍真理
eg. The earth moves around the sun.
D.表示计划好的，或将要发生的动作
eg. The bus leaves at 10:00 pm.
E.时间和条件状语从句中，主句是将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来事情
eg. I will go to bed when she comes back.
2. 现在进行时
A. 表示说话时正在进行的动作
eg. They are having breakfast.
B. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作
We are looking for a dog.
3.现在完成时
A.表示动作到现在为止已经完成或者刚刚完成
eg. He has just finished his homework.
B. 表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并有可能会持续下去。一般用延续性动词。
eg. She has learned playing piano since she was seven.
C. 表示发生在过去，但对现在仍有影响的动作或者情况。
eg. Joe has broken the cup.
D. 在“This is the first time......that......句型里用完成时
eg. This is the first time I have see her.
E. 在no sooner than、hardlyscarcely......when、 before等句型中，主句要求完成时
eg. I havent met her before today.
4.现在完成进行时
A.表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间，延续或重复地出现至今，或将延续至将来
eg. It has been rainning since last Monday.
B.现在完成进行时有时表示根据直接或间接的证据得出的结论
eg. She is so tired. She has been working all night.
5. 一般过去时
A. 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况
eg. I was a student.
B.表示过去习惯性动作
I usd to help my mum with housework after school.
C.有时可替代一般现在时，表达一种婉转、客气和礼貌
eg. Would you mind closing the window?
6. 过去完成时
表示过去的某个时间或动作或已经存在的状态
eg. I have already finished my homework when you called me.
7. 过去将来时
表示从过去的某个时间看将要发生的事情
eg. I thought you were leaving this morning.
8. 过去进行时
A. 表示过去一个比较具体的时间正在发生的动作
eg. I was taking a nap nap an houe ago.
B. 如果whenwhile等时间状语引导词引导的主从句之一是一般过去时，则另一个句子常用过去进行时
I was shopping when you called me yesterday afternoon.
9. 一般将来时
A. 表示将来会发生的动作，基本机构是willshall do
eg. We will go to Beijing tomorrow.
B. 有些动词，如arrive, be colse, come, do, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep,start,stay等，用于一般进行时，并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用，可以表时间来时
eg. The new supermarket is opening tomorrow.
C.表示”打算去......，要......“时，可用be going to do
eg. She is going to tell mom about what you did.
D. 表示”即将、正要“时，可用be about to dobe to do
eg. She is abou to call her friends.
10.将来进行时
表示从将来的某一时间开始，持续进行的动作或者状态
I will be waitting for you at 3 oclock.
11. 将来完成时
表示从将来的某一段时间开始、延续到另一个时间的动作或状态
The conference will have lasted for a week by the time it ends.
12. 将来完成进行时
表示动作从将来的某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间结束
eg. By the end of next month, they will have been married 20 years.
13. 过去完成进行时
指的是相对过去的某个时刻来说已经对现在有直接影响并且还在进行的动作
eg. My son had been drawing everyday before I came home last week.
14. 过去将来进行时
表示就过去某一时间而言，将来某一时刻或某一时段正在进行的动作
eg. She promised that she would be cooking lunch at hone when I came back tomorrow.
15.过去将来完成时
表示从过去看将来某时刻动作已经完成
eg. I thought she would have told you.
16. 过去将来完成进行时
表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间
eg. I heard by the end of July you would have been working here for 8 years.
以上16种时态就是我们英语里的所有时态了，前面几种最常用，后面的大家了解句型表达就好！
希望能帮助到你，望采纳！！！

谁能告诉我英语最基本的十二种时态???

1、一般现在时
(1)一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的动作或状态或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态，常和副词usually，often，always sometimes， regularly，near，occasionally，every year, every week等连用。例如：
1)The moon moves round the earth..
2)Mr. Smith travels to work by bus every day.
(2)在由after，until，before，once，when，even if，in case，as long as，as soon as，the moment以及if，unless等引导的时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替将来时。例如：
1)I will tell him the news as soon as I see him.
2)I will not go to countryside if it rains tomorrow.
(3)某些表示起始的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，这类动词有：be，go，come，start，depart，arrive，begin，leave等。例如：
1)The plane leaves at three sharp.
2)The new teachers arrive tomorrow.
(4)在由why，what，where，whoever，who，that，as等引导的从句中，也常用一般现在时代替将来时。例如：
1)Free tickets will be given to whoever comes first.
2)You’ll probably be in the same train as I am tomorrow.
2.一般过去时
(1)表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态，常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。例如：
We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film.
(2)表示过去习惯性动作。例如：
1)He always went to class last.
2)I used to do my homework in the library.
(注意与be used to doing短语的区别)
3.一般将来时
1)表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。例如：
I shall graduate next year.
2)几种替代形式：
1)be going to +v在口语中广泛使用，表示准备做或将发生的事情。例如：
I’m going to buy a house when we’ve saved enough money.
2)be to +v表示计划安排要做的事，具有“必要”的强制性意义。例如：
I am to play tennis this afternoon.
3)be about to +v表示即将发生的事情。例如：
He was about to start.
4)be due to +v表示预先确定了的事，必定发生的事。例如：
The train is due to depart in ten minutes.
5)be on the pointverge of +v – ing强调即将发生的某种事态。例如：
The baby was on the point of crying when her mother finally came home.
二、进行时态
1.现在进行时
(1)表示现在正在进行的动作，常与now，right now，at the mother，for the time being，for the present等连用。例如：
Don’t disturb her. She is reading a newspaper now.
(2)表示现阶段经常发生的动作，常与always，continually，forever，constantly等连用。例如：
My father is forever criticizing me.
(3)表示根据计划或安排在最近要进行的事情。具有这种语法功能的动词仅限于过渡性动词。即表示从一个状态或位置转移到另一个状态或位置上去的动词。常用的有：go，come，leave，start，arrive，return等。例如：
They are leaving for Hong Kong next month.
(4)有些动词不能用进行时，这是一类表示“感觉，感情，存在，从属”等的动词。如：see，hear，smell，taste，feel，notice，look，appear，(表示感觉的词)；hate，love，fear，like，want，wish，prefer，refuse，forgive(表示感情的动词)；be，exist，remain，stay，obtain(表示存在状态的动词)；have，possess，own，contain，belong，consist of，form(表示占有与从属的动词)；understand，know，believe，think，doubt，forget，remember(表示思考理解的动词)。但是如果它们词义改变，便也可用进行时态。例如：
1)Tom looks pale. What’s wrong with him?
(look在此为联系动词，意为“显得，看上去”)
2)Tom is looking for his books.
(look在此为实义动词，意为“寻找”)
2.过去进行时
过去进行时表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生后，另一个过去的动作正在进行，或表示过去反复的习惯，常与always，continually，constantly等动词连用。例如：
1)We were discussing the matter when the headmaster entered.
2)Whenever I visited him, he was always writing at the desk.
3.将来进行时
将来进行时主要表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时刻开始，并继续下去的动作。常用来表示礼貌的询问、请求等。例如：
1)This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.
2)What will you be doing at six tomorrow evening?
4.完成进行时
(现在、过去、将来)完成进行时是(现在、过去、将来)完成时的强调形式，将放在完成时态部分讲述。
三、完成时态
完成时态通常表示已完成或从事的动作。它可分为：
1.现在完成时
(1)现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的，刚刚完成的动作(常与yet，already，just连用)，或者过去某一时刻发生的，持续到现在的情况(常与for，since连用)。例如：
1)I have just finished my homework.
2)Mary has been ill for three days.
(2)常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：since, for, during, over等引导出的短语；副词already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, recently等；状语词组this week (morning, month, year), so far, up to now, many times, up to the present等。例如：
1)I haven’t been there for five years.
2)So far, she hasn’t enjoyed the summer vacation.
3)There have been a lot of changes since 1978.
(3)完成时态可用在下列结构中：
This (That, It) is (was) the first (second…) time +定语从句；This (That, It) is (was) the only (last) + n +定语从句；This (That, It) is (was) +形容词最高级+ n +定语从句。如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词通常用现在完成时；如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句谓语动词通常用过去完成时。例如：
(1)This is one of the rarest questions that have ever been raised at such a meeting.
(2)There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.
2.过去完成时
(1)表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况，这个过去的时间可以用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示；或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。例如：
1)We had just had our breakfast when Tom came in.
2)By the end of last year they had turned out 5, 000 bicycles.
(2)动词expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用过去完成时，表示过去的希望、预期、意图或愿望等没有实现。例如：
I had meant to take a good holiday this year, but I wasn’t able to get away.
另外两种表示“过去想做而未做的事”的表达方式是：
1)was were + to have done sth,例如：
We were to have come yesterday, but we couldn’t.
2)intended (expected, hope, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired) + to have done sth,例如：
I meant to have told you about it, but I forgot to do so.
(3)过去完成时常用于以下固定句型：
1)hardly, scarcely, barely + 过去完成时+ when + 过去时。例如：
Hardly had I got on the bus when it started to move.
2)no sooner +过去完成时+ than +过去时。例如：
No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me.
3)by (the end of ) +过去时间，主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。例如：
The experiment had been finished by 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon.
3.将来完成时
将来完成时表示在将来某一时刻将完成或在另一个未来的动作发生之前已经完成的动作；也可以用来表示一种猜测。常与将来完成时连用的时间状语有：by (the time the end of ) +表示将来时间的短语和句子；before (the end of ) +表示将来时间的词语或句子；when, after等加上表示将来动作的句子等。例如：
1)By this time tomorrow you will have arrived in Shanghai.
2)I shall have finished this composition before 9 o’clock.
3)When we get on the railway station, the train will probably have left.

初中英语八大时态总结表

学好时态基本就拿下了语法的半壁江山，时态的学习至关重要，很多学生认为时态的种类太多，总是太容易记混。下面是英语时态总结，供大家参考。

一般现在时

1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

2.句子结构：主语+do/does(现在分词)

3.时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays...

4.否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。

5.一般现在时通常表示：（1）表示一直发生的事情，经常发生的动作；（2）表示客观事实或者真理；（3）谈论时间表、旅程表等；（4）谈论籍贯、国籍等。

6.一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

一般过去时

1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2.句子结构：主语+did

3.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

4.否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。

现在完成时

1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。

2.句子结构：have/has + done

3.时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.

4.否定形式：have/has + not +done.

5.一般疑问句：have或has。

现在进行时

1. 概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

2. 时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.

3. 基本结构：am/is/are+doing

否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.

一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。

4. 用法：

（1）表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。

例如： We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。

（2）习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。

例如：Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)

（3）表示渐变，这样的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。

例如：The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。

Its getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。

（4）与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。

例：You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。

（5）用现在进行时表示将来

下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等瞬时动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。

例：Im leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。

Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗?

过去进行时

1. 概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

2. 时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

3. 基本结构：was/were+doing

否定形式：was/were + not + doing.

一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。

4. 用法

（1）过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。

We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.

昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。

（2）过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。

What was she doing at nine oclock yesterday?

昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点)

She was doing her homework then.

那个时候她正在写作业。（副词表示时间点）

When I saw him he was decorating his room.

当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)

（3）在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。

When he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.

他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的)

He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.

他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)

一般将来时

1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

2.时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.

3.基本结构：①am/is/are/going to + do；②will/shall + do.

4.否定形式：①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句：①be放于句首；②will/shall提到句首。

过去将来时

1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。

2.时间状语：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.

3.基本结构：①was/were/going to + do；②would/should + do.

4.否定形式：①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do.

5.一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②would/should 提到句首。

6.用法

（1）“would+动词原形”常表示主观意愿的将来。

例：He said he would come to see me.

他说他要来看我。

（2）“was/ were+going to+动词原形”常表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。

例：She said she was going to start off at once.

她说她将立即出发。

此结构还可表示根据某种迹象来看，很可能或即将发生的事情。

It seemed as if it was going to rain.

看来好像要下雨。

（3）come， go， leave， arrive， start等瞬时动词动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。

过去完成时

1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。

2.时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.

3.基本结构：had + done.

4.否定形式：had + not + done.

5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。

英语时态表

英语时态表英语时态表
时态
名称
结构
常连用的词
主要用法
例句
一般现在时
1 由be的is am are表示，之后接名词，形容词或介词。
every…,
sometimes,
always,never,
often, usually等。
一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的习惯性的动作或状态，或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态
陈述句：I am an office worker.　
He is so lazy.　They are at home now.
否定句： I am not Tim.
She is not very beauiful.
They are not in the office.
一般疑问句：Are you an office assistant? Is she beautiful?
2 由实意动词V构成，引导疑问句和否定句，用do或don’t。第三人称时用does或doesn’t,有does出现动词用原形；第三人称陈述句V后加s或es.
陈述句：I work in Shanghai.
He works at home.
Davy never watches TV at home.
否定句: I don’t like the food in KFC.
Davy doesn’t like the food in KFC either.
一般疑问句:
Do you want a cup of coffee? Does she live near the subway station?
一般过去时。
1由 be的过去式是 was或 were表示。Is am---was;are---were.
yesterday,
last week,
an hour ago，
the day before yesterday,
in 1997。
在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
陈述句：I was a big boss.He was beautiful.
We were in Beijing last year.
否定句: I was not at home at that moment.
We were not at work yesterday.
一般疑问句: Were you a teacher?
Was she in the office last week?
2由V的过去式构成陈述句，疑问句和否定句用借助于did,有did出现动词用原形。
陈述句：I worked in Sunmoon.
We studied English there. He lived in HongKong.
否定句: I didn’t work here.
They didn’t see me. She liked English a lot.
一般疑问句: Did you go to America?
Did he work in Sunmoon?

时态
名称
结构
常连用的词
主要用法
例句
一般将来时
1 任何人称+will+动词原形.

tomorrow,
next year,
the month after next,
in two hours.
即将发生动作或状态。
陈述句：I will fly to KongKong tomorrow.
He will go with us.
We will arrive in Shanghai next week.
否定句:I will never believe you again.
He will not come tonight.
We will not buy a car next year.
一般疑问句:Will you go there by train?
Will he come tomorrow?
Will they live a five-star hotel?
2 isamare+going to+V原形，表示计划打算做什么事情。
陈述句：I’m going to go to Kongkong by air.　
否定句:We are not going to buy a house here.
一般疑问句:Are they going to change their jobs?　
特殊疑问句:How are you going to tell him?
过去将来时
waswere going to +V原形

在过去将会发生的动作。
陈述句：I was going to buy a computer.
They told me that they were not going to go abroad.
否定句:I was not going to buy a computer.
任何人称+would +V原形
He said he would come in in Shanghai.　
I said I would buy you a car one day.
时态
名称
结构
常连用的词
主要用法
例句
现在进行时
isamare+Ving　
now,
at the（this）moment
Look!(放在句首)
Listen! (放在句首)
表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。
陈述句：I’m waiting for my boy friend.
He is doing the housework at home now.
We are enjoying ourselves.
否定句:He is not playing toys.
一般疑问句:Are you having dinner at home?
Is Tim cooking in the kitchen?
特殊疑问句:What are you doing now?
Where are they having a meal?
过去进行时
waswere+Ving
at that time
at 10 o’clock last night
at that moment等过去具体的时间
过去一段时间正在发生的动作。
陈述句：I was doing my homework at that time.
We were having a party while he was sleeping.
否定句:He was not sleeping at 11 o’clock last night.
一般疑问句: Were you watching TV at that time?
特殊疑问句: What were you doing at that moment?

时态
名称
结构
常连用的词
主要用法
例句
现在完成时
havehas +done（过去分词）
already；
just(not just now)
yet；ever；never；
for two weeks；
for a year；
for several days；
since 2004
since last week　
用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。简单的说，就是动作已经发生对现在造成明显的影响。
陈述句：I have already told Davy. Davy has known this matter.
He has lived here for nearly 10 years.
否定句:I haven’t finished my homework..
Tim hasn’t come yet.
We haven’t heard any news about him
一般疑问句: Has he worked here since he came here?
特殊疑问句: How long have you worked in this company?
特别注意：
1. havehas always been+名词形容词介词：总是或一直是什么样子。。。
He has always been a good father. I have always been busy.
They have always been in America.
2. havehas gone to:去了。。。
He has gone to Beijing.
They have gone to the cinema.
3. havehas been to:表示去过或到过。。。
I have been to Canada. Have you been to Hongkong?
Where have you been? I have never been here.
过去完成时
had + done（过去分词）
by the end of last year
by last year
动作发生在过去的过去。
陈述句：He said he had told Davy.
They told us they had finished the work.
He left the office after he had called Davy.
否定句:She hadn’t had dinner before she went out.　
一般疑问句:Had she learnt English before she moved here?
特殊疑问句:how many English words had he learnt by the end of last year?

补充：
一、情态动词can, must, may。may没有否定形式。
陈述句: I can drive a car. He must tell the truth. We may get there on foot.
否定句：I can’t swim at all. You mustn’t（表示禁止） smoke in the office.
一般疑问句: Can you wait a minute? Must I stay at home? May I use your phone?
特殊疑问句： How can I get there? What must I do now?
由情态动词的过去式构成，can—could.
She could walk when she was one year old.
I could not speak English one year ago.
二、各种时态用法补充：
1、一般现在时
(1)在由after, until, befor, once, when, even if ,in case, as long as, as soon as, the moment以及if, unless等引导的时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替将来时。
例：I will tell him the news as soon as I see him.
我一看见他，就把消息告诉他。
(2)某些表示起始的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，这类动词有：be, go, come, start, depart, arrive, begin, leave等。
(3)在由why, what, where, whoever, who, that,as等引导的从句中，也常用一般现在时代替将来时。
例：Tomorrow at this time we’ll give $500 to any one who brings him to justice.
2、一般将来时
(1)be going to +v在口语中广泛使用，表示准备做或即将发生的事情。
例：I’m going to buy a house when we’ve saved enough money.
(2)be to +v表示计划安排将要做的事。
例：There is to be a rail strike on July 18th.
(3)be about to+v表示即将发生的事情。
例：We are about to start.
(4)be due to+v表示预先确定了的、必定要发生的事。
例：His book is due to be published in October.
他的书预定10月份出版。
(5)be on the pointverge of +(v-ing)sth.强调即将发生的某种事态。
例：The country is on the verge of civil war.
这个国家就要打内战了。
3、现在进行时
(1)表示现阶段经常发生的动作，常与always, continually, constantly等连用(多表示赞扬或厌恶等语气)。
例：John is always coming late. 约翰总是迟到。
(2)表示根据计划或安排在最近要进行的事情。具有这种语法功能的动词仅限于过渡性动词，即表示从一个状态或位置转移到另一个状态或位置上去的动词。常用的有;go, come, leave, start, arrive,return等。
例：They are leaving for Hongkong next monty.
他们下个月去香港。
(3)有些动词一般不能使用进行时，这是一类表示“感觉”、“感情”、“存在”、“从属”等的动词。如：see, hear, smell, taste, feel, notice, look, appear(表示感觉的动词)；hate, love, fear, like, want, wish, prefer, refuse, forgive(表示感情的动词)；be, exist, remain, stay, obtain(表示存在状态的动词)；have, possess, own, contain, belong, consist of , form(表示占有与从属的动词)；understand, know, belive, think, doubt, forget, remember(表示思考、理解的动词)。但是如果它们词义改变，有时也可使用进行时态。
例：Jane looks pale.What’s wrong with him?
珍妮看上去脸色苍白，她怎么了？(look在此为联系动词)
例：Jane is looking for his books.
珍妮正在寻找她的书。(look在此为实义动词)
4．完成进行时
完成进行时是完成时的强调形式。
5．完成时态
(1)现在完成时与与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时强调过去发生的动作与现在的关系，如所发生的结果、影响等；而一般过去时只表示动作发生在过去表示某一时刻，不表示与现在的关系。
(2)完成时态可用在下列结构中：
This(That,it)is(was )the first(second….)time+定语从句：
This(That,It)is(was) the only (last)+名词+定语从句；This (This,It)is (was)+形容词最高级+名词+定语从句。如果主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，从句的谓语动词动词通常用现在完成时；如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词通常用过去完成时。
例1：This is the first time(that )I’ve drunk Californian champagne.
这是我第一次喝加利福尼亚香槟酒。
例2：There was a knock at the door.It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.
有人敲门，这是当天晚上第二次有人打扰我了。
6.动词expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用过去完成时，表示过去的希望，预期，意图或愿望等没有实现。
例1：I had meant to leave to on Monday, but have stayed on.
我本来打算星期一离开，但最终还是继续留下来了。
另外两种表示“过去想做而未做的事”的表达方式是：
7.was were+ to have done sth.
例1：We were to have come yesterday, but we couldn’t.
我们本想昨天来的，但我们来不了。
8.intended (expected, hoped, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired)+ to have done sth.
例：1I mean to have told you about it, but I forgot to do so.
我本想告诉你这件事，但我忘掉了。
9.过去完成时常用于以下固定句型：
(1)hardly scarcely barely+过去完成时(倒装形式)+when +过去时
例1：Hardly had I arrived when I had a new problem to cope with.
我一到达就有新问题要处理。
(2) no sooner+过去完成时(倒装形式)+than +过去时。
例1：No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent.
这话刚说出口，他就意识到他本该保持沉默的。
(3)by(the end of )+过去时间，主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。
例1：By the end of that year Henry had collected more than a thousand foreign stamps.
到那年年底，亨利已收集了一千多张外国邮票